#!/usr/bin/env python
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Filename: core.py
# Purpose: Python Class for transforming seismograms to audio WAV files
# Author: Moritz Beyreuther
# Email: moritz.beyreuther@geophysik.uni-muenchen.de
#
# Copyright (C) 2009-2012 Moritz Beyreuther
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
WAV bindings to ObsPy core module.
:copyright:
The ObsPy Development Team (devs@obspy.org)
:license:
GNU Lesser General Public License, Version 3
(https://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html)
"""
from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function,
unicode_literals)
from future.builtins import * # NOQA
from future.utils import native_str
import os
import wave
import numpy as np
from obspy import Stream, Trace
from obspy.core.compatibility import from_buffer
# WAVE data format is unsigned char up to 8bit, and signed int
# for the remaining.
WIDTH2DTYPE = {
1: native_str('<u1'), # unsigned char
2: native_str('<i2'), # signed short int
4: native_str('<i4'), # signed int (int32)
}
[docs]def _is_wav(filename):
"""
Checks whether a file is a audio WAV file or not.
:type filename: str
:param filename: Name of the audio WAV file to be checked.
:rtype: bool
:return: ``True`` if a WAV file.
.. rubric:: Example
>>> _is_wav("/path/to/3cssan.near.8.1.RNON.wav") #doctest: +SKIP
True
"""
try:
fh = wave.open(filename, 'rb')
try:
(_nchannel, width, _rate, _len, _comptype, _compname) = \
fh.getparams()
finally:
fh.close()
except Exception:
return False
if width in [1, 2, 4]:
return True
return False
[docs]def _read_wav(filename, headonly=False, **kwargs): # @UnusedVariable
"""
Reads a audio WAV file and returns an ObsPy Stream object.
Currently supports uncompressed unsigned char and short integer and
integer data values. This should cover most WAV files.
.. warning::
This function should NOT be called directly, it registers via the
ObsPy :func:`~obspy.core.stream.read` function, call this instead.
:type filename: str
:param filename: Audio WAV file to be read.
:rtype: :class:`~obspy.core.stream.Stream`
:return: A ObsPy Stream object.
.. rubric:: Example
>>> from obspy import read
>>> st = read("/path/to/3cssan.near.8.1.RNON.wav")
>>> print(st) #doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE
1 Trace(s) in Stream:
... | 1970-01-01T00:00:00.000000Z - 1970-01-01T00:00:00.371143Z
| 7000.0 Hz, 2599 samples
"""
# read WAV file
fh = wave.open(filename, 'rb')
try:
# header information
(_nchannel, width, rate, length, _comptype, _compname) = fh.getparams()
header = {'sampling_rate': rate, 'npts': length}
if headonly:
return Stream([Trace(header=header)])
if width not in WIDTH2DTYPE.keys():
msg = "Unsupported Format Type, word width %dbytes" % width
raise TypeError(msg)
data = from_buffer(fh.readframes(length), dtype=WIDTH2DTYPE[width])
finally:
fh.close()
return Stream([Trace(header=header, data=data)])
[docs]def _write_wav(stream, filename, framerate=7000, rescale=False, width=None,
**kwargs): # @UnusedVariable
"""
Writes a audio WAV file from given ObsPy Stream object. The seismogram is
squeezed to audible frequencies.
The generated WAV sound file is as a result really short. The data
are written uncompressed as signed 4-byte integers.
.. warning::
This function should NOT be called directly, it registers via the
the :meth:`~obspy.core.stream.Stream.write` method of an
ObsPy :class:`~obspy.core.stream.Stream` object, call this instead.
:type stream: :class:`~obspy.core.stream.Stream`
:param stream: The ObsPy Stream object to write.
:type filename: str
:param filename: Name of the audio WAV file to write.
:type framerate: int, optional
:param framerate: Sample rate of WAV file to use. This this will squeeze
the seismogram (default is 7000).
:type rescale: bool, optional
:param rescale: Maximum to maximal representable number
:type width: int, optional
:param width: dtype to write, 1 for '<u1', 2 for '<i2' or 4 for '<i4'.
tries to autodetect width from data, uses 4 otherwise
"""
i = 0
base, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
if width not in WIDTH2DTYPE.keys() and width is not None:
raise TypeError("Unsupported Format Type, word width %dbytes" % width)
for trace in stream:
# try to autodetect width from data, see #791
if width is None:
if trace.data.dtype.str[-2:] in ['u1', 'i2', 'i4']:
tr_width = int(trace.data.dtype.str[-1])
else:
tr_width = 4
else:
tr_width = width
# write WAV file
if len(stream) >= 2:
filename = "%s%03d%s" % (base, i, ext)
w = wave.open(filename, 'wb')
try:
trace.stats.npts = len(trace.data)
# (nchannels, sampwidth, framerate, nframes, comptype, compname)
w.setparams((1, tr_width, framerate, trace.stats.npts, 'NONE',
'not compressed'))
data = trace.data
dtype = WIDTH2DTYPE[tr_width]
if rescale:
# optimal scale, account for +/- and the zero
maxint = 2 ** (width * 8 - 1) - 1
# upcast for following rescaling
data = data.astype(np.float64)
data = data / abs(data).max() * maxint
data = np.require(data, dtype=dtype)
w.writeframes(data.tostring())
finally:
w.close()
i += 1
if __name__ == '__main__':
import doctest
doctest.testmod(exclude_empty=True)